Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

10.21608/jcmrp.2024.278905.1037

Abstract

Background: The relationship between thyroid dysfunction and nephrotic syndrome (NS) is complex, with limited data on the prevalence of various types of thyroid disorders and their association with the pathological characteristics of NS.
Aim of work: To evaluate the thyroid hormone profile in NS patients and identify clinical predictors of thyroid dysfunction in this population.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 NS patients (50 with normal thyroid function and 100 with thyroid dysfunction) at the Nephrology Unit of Assiut University Hospital between 2020 and 2022. Participants underwent comprehensive clinical evaluation and laboratory tests, including thyroid hormones and thyroid peroxidase antibodies. Renal histopathological types were also recorded.
Results: Patients with thyroid dysfunction had significantly higher mean age, creatinine, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels, as well as lower high-density lipoprotein levels and glomerular filtration rates compared to those with normal thyroid function. Thyroid peroxidase antibody levels were significantly higher in the thyroid dysfunction group.
(P < 0.001). No significant differences were found between the groups regarding renal biopsy findings. Glomerular filtration rate and cholesterol levels were the only predictors of thyroid dysfunction in NS patients.
Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is prevalent in NS patients, and interpreting the interactions between thyroid and renal function is challenging. Close collaboration between endocrinologists and nephrologists is essential for accurately interpreting thyroid and kidney function changes in this patient population.

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