Assessment of breast cancer risk and its role in screening among women attending maternal and child healthcare centers, Upper Egypt

Background
Breast cancer (BC) is considered a huge health problem among women all over the world due to increased mortality rates. Breast cancer deaths are decreased by 28–34% due to improvement in breast cancer treatment and early detection. However, early detection and prevention are most effective for those most at risk. The Tyrer-Cuzick or Input Output Buffer Information System (IBIS) is a model viewed as the best accessible means to evaluate a woman's risk of developing BC and it is vital to give risk–benefit analysis before choosing interventions designed to decrease breast cancer risk.
Objectives
The objective of this study was to estimate the risk level by using the IBIS tool and the mean 10-year and lifetime risk of developing breast cancer and to perform screening for high-risk women by clinical breast examination (CBE) and mammogram.
Methods
The cross-sectional study included 600 women of maternal and child healthcare center (MCH) attendants. The tool utilized is based on the data required for analysis by IBIS. CBE and mammogram for the high-risk group was performed.
Results
The mean of age was 37.95 with range 30–85 years old. According to the IBIS tool, 76.7% were moderate/low risk for developing breast cancer, while 23.3% were high risk. Of those who were high risk, 18.6% had positive findings by CBE. A mammogram was done for 29 women of a high-risk group who agreed to do it, of them 69% had been suspected of breast cancer.
Conclusion
About one-fifth of women had a higher risk for developing BC. The IBIS tool is recommended for the detection of the high-risk group of women and to direct breast cancer screening services to those women.