Verification of aberrant expression of CD7 in acute myeloid leukemia

Mahmoud, Maged S.; Abd Elhafeez, Heba A.; Abd Elmouez, Shaimaa M.

doi:10.4103/JCMRP.JCMRP_115_18

Verification of aberrant expression of CD7 in acute myeloid leukemia

Authors

Abstract

Introduction
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive disorder characterized by accumulation of blast cells in bone marrow. The heterogeneous phenotype of AML is based on cytogenetic mutations and molecular aberrations. Immunophenotyping is a convenient method for quick and reproducible diagnosis of most hematological malignancies. The higher frequency of aberrant expression of lymphoid markers in AML may be related to environmental changes and accumulation of biological defects. The CD7, a T-cell antigen, is expressed in a minority of patients with AML, and it is the most common aberrant marker found in AML in most studies.
Aim
We aimed to determine the frequency of CD7 expression in AML and to verify if this aberrant expression is true or false.
Patients and methods
The study revealed the frequency of CD7 expression in newly diagnosed AML cases to be 18.1% by flow cytometry. The AML cases with positive CD7 expression by flow cytometry were subjected to reverse transcriptase-PCR to determine gene expression. All cases with positive CD7 expression by flow cytometry were found to be negative for CD7 gene expression by PCR.
Conclusion
This study raises a reasonable possibility of a false-positive detection of aberrant CD7 expression in AML using immunophenotyping by flow cytometry.

Keywords